Overview obstructive jaundice is very interesting not uncommon in hosptial to have a jaundiced patient. Investigation and management of obstructive jaundice. Obstructive jaundice an overview sciencedirect topics. Renal function with respect to water clearance and renal hemodynamics was studied in 15 patients with obstructive jaundice due to cholangiocarcinoma. Causes of post hepatic obstructive jaundice intrahepatic causes 1. The causes of obstructive jaundice included gall stones in 20 40% patients, mass head of pancreas in 16 32%, and biliary strictures in 4 8% cases while hepatic abscesses, pseudopancreatic.
Get relief from the discomforts associated with jaundice get relief from the discomforts associated with jaundice powerpoint ppt presentation. Obstructive jaundice whipple s operation anesthetic management munisha agarwal professor deptt. Obstructive jaundice may be caused by a gallstone lodged in the common bile duct, carcinoma of the pancreas, bile duct or ampulla and, rarely, benign biliary strictures. Outline introduction pathophysiology causes clinical presentation investigation complications treatment references 3. Jaundice is defined as the presence of a yellow or yellowgreenish hue to the skin, sclera, and mucous membranes due to an elevation of serum bilirubin. Investigation and management of obstructive jaundice c d briggs m peterson abstract obstructive jaundice is a medical emergency. General physical examination in a patient who has icterus. Unrelieved obstruction causes everdeepening jaundice.
Obstructive jaundice bilirubin formation rate is normal conjugation is normal direct bilirubin any intrahepatic or extrahepatic condition leading obstruction to the flow of bile. In healthy individuals, the total serum bilirubin is less than 1 mgdl 17 mcmoll. Obstructive jaundice free download as powerpoint presentation. It is usually first noticeable in the eyes, although it may come on so gradually that it is not immediately noticed by those in daily contact with the jaundiced person. This issue will help the emergency clinician narrow down the differential diagnosis to determine a cause and allow for swift disposition. Congenital anomalies of the biliary tract that manifest as cystic dilatation of the extra hepatic and intra hepatic bile ducts females are most commonly affected etiology. Jaundice in older children and adolescents american academy. Definition failure of normal amount of bile to reach intestine due to mechanical obstruction of the extra hepatic biliary tree or within the porta hepatis 3. Jaundice is a yellowish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by hyperbilirubinemia. In obstructive jaundice, elevation of the biliary canalicular enzyme, alkaline phosphatase, is greater. This unconjugated bilirubin isnt watersoluble so cant be excreted in the urine. Obstructive jaundice symptoms, causes, treatments healthgrades. Obstructive jaundice and perioperative management sciencedirect.
Jaundice is a manifestation of elevated serum bilirubin, and can have many causes, some of which can be lifethreatening. Conjunctival icterus is generally a more sensitive sign of hyperbilirubinemia than generalized jaundice. Prehepatic phase the human body produces about 4 mg per kg of bilirubin per day from the. A patient presenting with obstructive jaundice will need medical investigation to determine the cause of the obstruction and the treatment required. Jaundice hyperbilirubinemia is seen in critically ill patients and can occur due to prehepatic, intrahepatic, or posthepatic causes. Systemic examination per abdomen inspection scaphoid umbilicus inverted all quadrants move synchronous with respiration no visible fullness, dilated veins,scars palpation no tenderness, no mass felt. No organomegaly percussion liver dullness 5th ics in rt mcl. Obstructive jaundicecholedocholithiasis authorstream. Deranged lfts, esp alk ph and ggt conjugated bilirubin high take a good history onset, drugs, pain, previous attacks, alcohol, gallstones, pale stools, dark urine, wt loss look for signs of liver failure uss gallstones.
You may also want to read about gallstones and jaundice for more information. Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. Obstructive jaundice is a fairly common presentation to the emergency department and surgical teams. Jul 01, 2001 jaundice is defined as the presence of a yellow or yellowgreenish hue to the skin, sclera, and mucous membranes due to an elevation of serum bilirubin. Introduction obstructive jaundice is a condition in which there is blockage of the flow of bile out of the liver to the intestine. Obstructive jaundice is one of the important surgical topics. Obstructive jaundice is commonly caused by gallstones large duct obstruction or a cancer of the head of the pancreas, or by disease processes that occlude the small bile ducts within the liver, such as hepatitis and cirrhosis small duct obstruction.
General physical examination in a patient who has icterus pulse tachycardia fever, heart failure b radycardia obstructive jaundice tachypnea heart failure, fever pallor hemolysis, malignancy, cirrhosis pallor with knuckle pigmentation. B srinivas dept of surgery mnr medical college obstructive jaundice definition. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. Obstructive jaundice is a particular type of jaundice when the essential flow of bile to the intestines was blocked. Ireland academic rcsi department of surgery, beaumont hospital 3rd med p. Main causes of obstructive jaundice bile duct in the lumen of the common bile duct gallstones, parasites in the wall of the duct choledochal cyst, sclerosing cholangigis, cholangiocarcinoma pressing in on the bile duct mirrizi, pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, malignant nodes ampulla periampullary carcinoma tumor invading the ampulla. The prevalence of liver dysfunction and malnutrition is reported to be 5090% in patients with obstructive jaundice or moderate to severe cirrhosis. Obstructive jaundice is the property of its rightful owner. What is jaundice yellowish pigmentation of the conjunctival membranes over the sclerae and other mucous membranes caused by increased levels of. Jaundice is a yellowish discoloration of the skin, the conjunctivae, and other mucous membranes caused by hyperbilirubinemia.
Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Jaundice becomes visible when the bilirubin level is about 2 to 3 mgdl 34 to 51 micromoll. Unlimited access to the largest elibrary of professional videos, images, documents, courses. In posthepatic jaundice or obstructive jaundice, there is an impediment to the flow of bile due to a partial or complete obstruction of the extrahepatic biliary. Ppt obstructive jaundice powerpoint presentation free. Generally, the serum bilirubin level needs to exceed 2. Presence of pale stools and dark urine is suggestive of obstructive jaundice.
In conclusion, the use of probiotics in rat models with obstructive jaundice resulted in improvement in biochemical parameters, significantly reduced pathology in the liver and terminal ileum, and reduced bacterial translocation in mesenteric lymph node, spleen, and blood cultures. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about obstructive jaundice imaging ppt. Jaundice is obstructive in nature as a result of cholelithiasis. Levels above 2 mgdl result in detectable jaundice, first in the sclerae, next under the tongue and along the tympanic membranes, and finally in the skin. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. In all babies with prolonged jaundice, blood should be taken for total and conjugated bilirubin level. Obstructive jaundice definition of obstructive jaundice by. Pathophysiology caused by obstructive jaundice involving coagulopathies, infection, renal dysfunction, and other adverse events should be fully assessed and reversed preoperatively. Obstructive jaundice occurs as a result of obstruction of the biliary tree, due to either intrahepatic or extrahepatic obstruction. Ppt jaundice powerpoint presentation free to download. Displaying powerpoint presentation on obstructive jaundice available to view or download. The most common causes are gallstones in the common bile duct, and pancreatic cancer in the head of the pancreas. Intestinal bacteria convert some of the extra bilirubin into urobilinogen, some of which is reabsorbed and is excreted. Mrcp may, therefore, be able to replace diagnostic ercp in patients with suspected choledocholithiasis, while the more invasive ercp may be reserved for patients requiring.
Najeeb lectures are the worlds most popular medical lectures. Jaundice bilirubin, no bilirubin metabolites in stool. Get relief from the discomforts associated with jaundice get relief from the discomforts associated with jaundice powerpoint ppt. Obstructive jaundice is a condition of raised bilirubin levels in the blood known as conjugated hyperbilirubinemia that occurs as a result of obstruction to flow of bile due to any cause and preventing bilirubin from reaching the gut intestines. I am discussing about the various causes of obstructive jaundice, anatomy of biliary tract, physiology of jaundice, labs in obstructive jaundice and an. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 882k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Obstructive jaundice is a condition of raised bilirubin levels in the blood known as conjugated hyperbilirubinemia that occurs as a result of obstruction to flow of bile due to any cause and preventing bilirubin from reaching the gut intestines obstructive jaundice risk factors. The serum bilirubin profiledirect conjugated versus indirect unconjugatedis not helpful in distinguishing obstructive from nonobstructive jaundice. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Dysfunction in any of these phases may lead to jaundice.
This topic will provide an overview of the diagnostic approach to adults with jaundice or asymptomatic hyperbilirubinemia. Extrahepatic obstruction is also called surgical jaundice. For the sake of simplicity, the primary focus of this article is mechanical causes of biliary obstruction, further separating them into intrahepatic and extrahepatic causes. Case scenario 82 yr old male patient presents withprogressive jaundice, itching, loss of weight. Ppt jaundice powerpoint presentation free to download id. Ppt obstructive jaundice powerpoint presentation, free. Oct 16, 2019 the clinical setting of cholestasis or failure of biliary flow may be due to biliary obstruction by mechanical means or by metabolic factors in the hepatic cells. Liver is the largest gland in human body, and it is also the center of nutrition metabolism that provides complex physiological function. The depressed cardiovascular effects of obstructive jaundice are worth noticing because it has complicated mechanisms and needs to be further explored. Once the bile is in the bloodstream, it is then transported around to the bodys various organs. Jaundice can be readily detected clinically when the total serum bilirubin is greater than 5 mgdl 85 mcmoll. Obstructive jaundice causes, symptoms, pathophysiology. The adobe flash plugin is needed to view this content.
Jul 23, 2016 i am discussing about the various causes of obstructive jaundice, anatomy of biliary tract, physiology of jaundice, labs in obstructive jaundice and an algorithm to diagnose the various causes for. Ppt obstructive jaundice powerpoint presentation free to. Outline introduction pathophysiology causes clinical presentation. Biliary obstruction and acalculous cholecystitis are two common surgical problems requiring urgent intervention. Definition failure of normal amount of bile to reach intestine due to mechanical obstruction of the extra hepatic biliary tree or within the porta hepatis. Jaundice in older children and adolescents american. Hepatocellular damage liver unable to conjugate bilirubin. The results were compared with those of the control normal subjects. The causes of jaundice and asymptomatic hyperbilirubinemia, detailed discussions of the specific testing used, and the evaluation of patients with other liver test abnormalities are discussed elsewhere. Obstructive jaundice article about obstructive jaundice by. Obstructive jaundice and perioperative management request pdf.
Presentation of jaundice pathophysiology of jaundice. Ive downloaded your program because my dad has been suffering from diabetes. Ppt obstructive jaundice powerpoint presentation free to download id. In this playlist i have discussed the introduction, choledocholithiasis, carcinoma pancreas and b. Obstructive jaundice obstructive jaundice whipple s operation anesthetic management munisha agarwal professor deptt. Bedside approach to a case of jaundice authorstream presentation. Any type of obstruction that blocks the flow of bile from the liver can cause obstructive jaundice. Bedside approach to a case of jaundice authorstream. Perioperative nutritional support and fluid therapy in. Mechanical jaundice definition of mechanical jaundice by.
It is the yellowish discolouration of the skin, the conjunctiva and other mucous membranes caused by hyperbilirubinemia 35. Jaundice, diarrhea, obstruction, and pseudoobstruction. Normally, serum bilirubin should never exceed 1 to 1. Congenital weakness of the bile duct wall congenital obstruction of the bile ducts reo virus association is seen in 78% of patients 40% of anomalies are. In obstructive jaundice, mrcp has an overall accuracy of 96100% for demonstrating the anatomic level of obstruction and a 90% accuracy for the cause of obstruction. Posthepatic postliver jaundice, also called obstructive jaundice, is caused by an interruption to the drainage of bile containing conjugated bilirubin in the biliary system.
Case presentation serum bilirubin3mgdl app 54micromoll. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. This article highlights the diagnosis, complications and treatment. Jaundice is a yellow discoloration of body tissues due to an excess of bilirubin, a pigment produced during the metabolism of heme. In both, there is elevation of direct and indirect bilirubin. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Apr 01, 2020 obstructive jaundice is a medical condition caused by a blockage in the bodys biliary system that leads to a buildup of bile in the bodys bloodstream. Obstructive jaundice gastroenterology digestive diseases.
829 25 268 16 1482 678 822 780 1469 1412 200 759 66 324 1415 755 1303 275 220 326 1564 544 510 1561 164 135 70 557 808 75 34 236 945 306 1446